A bit over a year ago I quit SpringSource. With SpringSource we put a great product in the market, a product that–against all odds, some said in the early days–survived in the world where big giants like IBM and Oracle had ruled for ages. In fact it did not only survive. Using Spring, millions of Java developers enjoy a productive and enjoyable way of developing Java apps.
The way we introduced Spring to the market was unique. The framework did not enter the market through a traditional sales-oriented approach. Instead, early adopters that saw the potential of the technology started using it, starting convincing others and slowly but surely adoption grew.
After having quit SpringSource I was looking for a technology that is relevant to a bigger group of people. Something I could explain my grandma. I found this in the market for electric vehicles. I had a feeling that a similar strategy that we used for introducing Spring to the market, would also work for electric cars and so we started The New Motion. And so far, that feeling has not proved wrong.
There are a few differences however, between the electric car sector and the software sector in terms of introducing them to the market. That’s what I want to talk about for a bit.
Technology adoption in a nutshell
Any significant new technology is adopted in a very comparable fashion. First, early adopters take on the technology. They don’t mind about a few disadvantages the technology has and take the leap. They help convince a group of more conservative people, the early majority to also start adopting the technology. What follows are the late majority and the so-called laggards. This model is explained in more detail on Wikipedia.
These early adopters are hard to find. They don’t let themselves being captured by traditional market segmentation. By converting an entire fleet of say 2000 cars of one big corporation, you’re likely to only catch 100 to maybe 300 early adopters; people that will likely spread the word. The rest are people that probably can’t see through the disadvantages the technology still has to get an enjoyable experience. These are not the type of ambassadors you’d want. In other words, you have to look hard for these 100 to 300 people, which are probably very much scattered everywhere.
Difference no. 1: the distribution mechanisms
With Spring, it was not that hard to find these people. Using online forums, news sites, mailing lists, the message in IT-land spreads fast. It’s easy to distribute your products. There are essentially no distribution costs; updates to the product are pushed to potential users in minutes, rather than days, weeks or months. The barrier for people to just try things out is also very low. Downloading a piece of open source software (as in the case of Spring) is done in two minutes.
With cars, this is different. You just don’t try out a car for five minutes and then give it back (the physical form of deleting something). Distribution is more complex; getting a car to a customer takes weeks if not months. This should be taken into account when looking at introducing a physical technology to the market, rather than a piece of software or online service.
Difference no. 2: the media
With online services and software, you can safely rely on online media. Messages pushed through online media, tend to spread quickly. Forums, mailing lists, social networks are easy to use; updates can be pushed to readers in minutes. These channels are also very easy to influence. Online, you can react quickly to what happens. In the early days at SpringSource we very actively monitored the influential media for any news to turn up about Spring or any related technology. In case something was written about us, we reacted, correcting where necessary and adding relevant other information.
When dealing with a electric cars, people communicate about it in much more traditional ways. Printed car magazines are still around, newspapers write about cars and radio and television also dedicate airtime to them. Also, whenever news happens, it’s much harder to react properly. Newspapers are spread once per day at most. Magazines probably once every months and there’s usually no place you can correct or react to a radio show. Even if there is, people probably don’t read it.
This is the second challenge that you have to deal with when dealing with less ‘online’ technologies.
This is what I also encountered today. The Telegraaf (the largest Dutch newspaper) published an article today about the legislation in Amsterdam that promotes the use of electric vehicles. Not just on their website, but also in the print edition (including a picture of yours truly). People in Amsterdam get a free (but non-assigned) parking spot, including a charge station. The Telegraaf (always looking for controversies) thought this was an excellent opportunity to stir things up a bit and published an article calling the legislation ‘only applicable for the absolute elite’. The article wasn’t very well-balanced and they mis-quoted me several times. All and all I wasn’t very happy with the coverage. But that’s where it gets difficult. It’s hard to react to something like this. You can’t just go to the newsdesk and tell them to reprint all 700.000 copies of the paper.
The other thing to these traditional media is that a lot of people read them; also people that don’t necessarily belong to your initial target audience. Remember what we said about the early adopters being the target audience of choice when introducing a new technology to the market? Well, the mainstream newspaper are typically not read by the early adopters or at least, much more read by the majority and the laggards. These groups can’t immediately judge the potential of a technology and will just criticize everything they find just a tad negative.
The fact that this got picked up by the Telegraaf, also means (at least, to me) that we must be doing something right. Controversies are all in the game. Some people might not immediately understand what we’re trying to achieve here. But we’ll keep on pushing until everybody understands.
Conclusion
It’s important to keep in mind that when dealing with a physical product that’s (in the end) hopefully going to adopted by the entire population you keep into account the different distribution mechanisms and the media when planning your approach to introduction. In the end, misplanning things might bite you later on.
Coming back to Spring: sometimes I long back to the days of endless flamewars on TheServerSide where people like Bill Burke, Marc Fleury, Mike Spill and Rolf Tollerud. But then again, having your picture up in the biggest Dutch newspaper is also not something you experience every day, is it
. Whether it’s online flames or printed articles that try to get you off your feet, with a good product and a lot of perseverence, you’ll always make it.